The Working Principle of China Solar Street Lights

China Solar Street LightsThe Role of Solar Panels in China Solar Street Lights

China Solar Street Lights The working principle first involves the photovoltage conversion process during the daytime. Solar panels are the core components in this process, mainly composed of materials such as monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or photovoltaic thin films. Among them, the photovoltage conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon is 18% - 21%, while polycrystalline silicon is 15% - 19%. When the solar panel receives sunlight, it converts the sun’s radiant energy into electrical energy. This is based on the principle of the photovoltaic effect of semiconductors, where photons in the sunlight hit the semiconductor material in the solar panel, energizing the electrons in the semiconductor to create a current. Then, this electrical energy is sent to the controller for processing.

Energy Management in China Solar Street Lights

The controller plays a crucial role in the operation of China Solar Street Lights. It employs an industrial-grade MCU as the main controller. By measuring environmental temperature and detecting parameters such as the voltage and current of the battery and solar panel, it controls the opening and closing of MOSFET devices to achieve various control and protection functions. The controller can prevent over-discharge of the battery. When the battery level is low, the controller will manage the power usage of the load (such as LED lights) to prevent over-discharge, thus extending the battery's life.

Functions and Selection Principles of Batteries in China Solar Street Lights

Due to the extremely unstable input energy of solar photovoltaic power systems, a battery system is necessary to store electrical energy. Common batteries include lead-acid batteries, Ni-Cd batteries, Ni-H batteries, etc. The selection of battery capacity generally follows certain principles. Firstly, it must meet night-time lighting requirements and store as much energy from the solar panels during the day as possible. It should also store enough energy to meet night-time lighting needs during continuous cloudy and rainy days. If the battery capacity is too small, it cannot meet night-time lighting needs; if too large, the battery is always in a low state of charge, shortening its lifespan and causing waste. In general, the battery capacity should be more than six times the daily consumption of the load, and the voltage of the solar panel should be 20% - 30% higher than the operating voltage of the battery to ensure proper charging of the battery.

Control and LED Lighting in China Solar Street Lights

At night, when the environment becomes darker, the controller inside China Solar Street Lights will detect the change in the environment and automatically switch to lighting mode. The controller discharges the stored electrical energy from the battery through the LED light to achieve lighting. LED light sources have a long lifespan, up to 1,000,000 hours. They operate at low voltage, do not require an inverter, and have high light efficiency—domestically achieving 50lm/W, and internationally up to 80lm/W.

As a all-in-one solar street light supplier, Anern provides various lighting products for you. Please feel free to contact us.