The Working Principle and Types of Sealed Lead-Acid Battery for Solar Energy Systems

In solar energy storage systems, selecting the right battery is crucial for enhancing overall performance.The Sealed Lead-Acid Battery for Solar Systems, due to its high energy conversion efficiency, long lifespan, and good safety, has become the widely used storage devices in the current market. This article will detail the working principles and major types of sealed lead-acid battery for solar systems to help users better understand and choose the appropriate storage products.

The working principles of sealed lead-acid battery for solar systems

Sealed lead-acid batteries for solar systems are devices that store and release energy through electrochemical reactions. Their main components include electrode plates, electrolyte, separators, and the battery casing. During discharge, the main component of the positive electrode is lead dioxide, and the main component of the negative electrode is lead. Both undergo a chemical reaction through dilute sulfuric acid as the electrolyte, converting into electrical energy. During charging, the lead sulfate on the positive and negative electrodes decomposes back into lead and lead dioxide, completing the charge-discharge cycle.

Compared to other types of batteries, the sealed lead-acid battery for solar system has the following advantages:

• High energy conversion efficiency: They have high electrical energy conversion efficiency, effectively utilizing every bit of energy from the solar system.

• Long lifespan: Typically, these batteries can achieve 5000 charge-discharge cycles, greatly reducing the frequency of replacements.

• High safety: Sealed lead-acid batteries are specially designed to prevent leakage, ensuring the operational safety of the solar system.

Types of sealed lead-acid batteries for solar systems

Flooded Lead-Acid Batteries

Flooded lead-acid batteries are the traditional type of sealed lead-acid batteries for solar systems. The electrolyte fully immerses the battery plates, ensuring efficient charge-discharge processes. The advantage of this type of battery is its relatively low cost and long lifespan, widely used in photovoltaic energy storage and other fields.

However, due to the evaporation and breakdown of the electrolyte, flooded lead-acid batteries require regular maintenance such as adding distilled water and adjusting the density of the electrolyte. Despite their stable performance, flooded batteries have high maintenance demands.

Valve-Regulated Sealed Lead-Acid Batteries

Valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries, also known as maintenance-free batteries, are common storage devices in current solar systems. These batteries can be further divided into two types: AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat) batteries and gel-sealed batteries. Compared to flooded lead-acid batteries, AGM and gel-sealed batteries have less electrolyte and a sealed design, making them completely maintenance-free and reducing daily maintenance costs.

AGM sealed lead-acid batteries: These batteries use glass fiber separators to absorb the electrolyte, offering excellent low-temperature performance and high safety. Due to their built-in absorbent materials, the self-discharge rate is very low, making them suitable for long-term use in photovoltaic energy storage applications.

Gel-sealed lead-acid batteries

Using gel-like electrolyte, these batteries offer higher stability and better cycle charging capability. Gel batteries are less prone to leakage, reducing environmental pollution risks and maintaining efficient operation in harsh working environments.

Compared to flooded lead-acid batteries, sealed lead-acid batteries for solar systems have advantages in reducing maintenance costs, extending battery life, and improving safety, widely applied in modern solar energy storage solutions.

If you have any questions about sealed lead-acid battery for solar system, or if you want to learn more about solar energy storage system solutions, please contact Anern Solar Company. We will provide you with professional consultation and support, helping you choose the most suitable storage equipment.